Pdf electromagnetically induced transparency spectroscopy. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a quantum phenomenon that makes use of. Pdf we have observed electromagnetically induced absorption eia. Electromagnetically induced transparency in molecular. Moreover, it is necessary to have a quantum memory that is capable of storing, releasing and manipulating quantum states at the level of individual quanta. Many differences between the two such as the effect of power in the beams, detuning of the beams from resonance, and the use of vapor cells filled with buffer gas are demonstrated experimentally. When a strong coupling laser field is used to drive a resonant transition in a three level atomic system, the absorption of a weak. View the article pdf and any associated supplements and figures for a period of 48 hours. Triplet absorption spectroscopy and electromagnetically. Sterken and in accordance with the decision by the college of deans.
We use this technique to measure the electric field distribution inside a glass cylinder with applied rf fields at 17. The absorption spectrum, as a function of field frequency, fol. Using narrowlinewidth cw lasers we obtain an eit linewidth of 5 mhz. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a coherent optical nonlinearity which renders a medium transparent within a narrow spectral range around an absorption line.
The eit is also a manifestation of fanolike interference. This thesis investigates electromagnetically induced transparency eit in thermal. Correlation spectroscopy has been proposed as a spectroscopic technique for measuring the coherence between the ground states in electromagnetically induced transparency eit. One of the most attractive features of the eit effect is that the resonance linewidth can be dramatically small, varying from severalkhz down to several hz 57. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit amplitude noise spectroscopy ben whitenack, devan tormey, michael crescimanno, andrew c. Electromagnetically induced transparency university of oregon. The rf field causes an energy splitting of the rydberg states via the autlertownes effect, and we detect the splitting via electromagnetically induced transparency eit.
We investigate the active control of electromagnetically induced transparency eit analogue based on terahertz thz metamaterials integrated with vanadium oxidevo2. Electromagnetically induced transparency university of rochester. Theory of eit to obtain a theoretical understanding of eit, a quantum mechanical treatment of the threelevelsystemisnecessary. Coherent population trapping cpt versus electromagnetically. By changing the metal pattern of the filter into a complementary structure, a polarization independent electromagnetically induced transparency eit structure is formed with the transmission peak appearing at 0. A distinct transparency window can be obtained in the transmission spectrum. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit, in essence a fanolike interference between different excitation paths 1,2, opens up new possibilities for quantum information and nonlinear optics, such as the creation of slowly propagating light 3 and photon storage and retrieval 46. We present a technique for measuring radiofrequency rf electric field strengths with subwavelength resolution. Applications of electromagnetically induced transparency to quantum information processing r. Electromagnetically induced transparency is a technique for eliminating the effect of a medium on a propagating beam of electromagnetic radiation. Electromagnetically inducedtransparencyeitamplitude noise. Jan 03, 2012 we propose a method based on the electromagnetically induced transparency eit phenomenon for the detection of molecules which exist as a small minority in the presence of a majority of absorbers. Incontrasttothe widely applied saturated absorption spectroscopy technique.
Pdf spectroscopy of strontium rydberg states using. Jun 16, 2014 the rf field causes an energy splitting of the rydberg states via the autlertownes effect, and we detect the splitting via electromagnetically induced transparency eit. Electromagnetically induced transparency and autlertownes effect in a. Actively tunable terahertz electromagnetically induced. Extreme dispersion is also created within this transparency window which leads to slow light, described below. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a coherent multiphoton e. High resolution electromagnetically induced transparency. Electromagnetically induced transparency reed college. This work is devoted to the demonstration of electromagnetically induced transparency eit in various types of open threelevel molecular systems by application of opticaloptical double resonance oodr spectroscopy. The nearfield interaction between the bright and the.
We discuss the differences between two wellstudied and related phenomena coherent population trapping cpt and electromagnetically induced transparency eit. Figure 2a,b show the probe transmission spectrum expressed by t. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit, which arises from. Mayer department of physics, university of portland, portland, oregon 97203 received 14 march 2008. Bettiol1, 1department of physics, national university of singapore, science drive 3, singapore 117542, singapore 2nus high school of math and science, 20 clementi avenue 1, singapore 129957, singapore. Spiller trusted systems laboratory hp laboratories bristol hpl200473 april 23, 2004 email. Electromagnetically induced transparency in rubidium. Electromagnetically induced transparency in rubidium abraham j. Because of the symmetry breaking in the unitcell structure, the scattered lights from the two grooves with slightly detuned widths interfere destructively. By utilizing a dielectricfilmcoated asymmetric tshape single slit, comprising two grooves of slightly detuned widths immediately contacting with a single nanoslit, the plasmon induced transparency was experimentally demonstrated. Ultrahighquality electromagnetically induced absorption.
Eit may also be used, but under more limited conditions, to eliminate optical selffocus ing and defocusing and to im one can make opaque resonant. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit amplitude noise spectroscopy. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a quantum interference phenomenon that enables the transmission of a laser pulse through an. Optics in coherent media michael fleischhauer1, atac imamoglu2, and jonathan p. Electromagnetically induced transparency with single atoms in. Analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency in a terahertz metamaterial sheryi chiam,1,2 ranjan singh,3 carsten rockstuhl,4 falk lederer,4 weili zhang,3 and andrew a. We demonstrate and characterize two coherent phenomena that can mitigate the effects of laser phase noise for electromagnetically induced transparency eit.
Alldielectric metasurface analogue of electromagnetically. Femtosecond induced transparency and absorption in the. Strong coherent light amplification with double electromagnetically. We report on the alloptical detection of rydberg states in an effusive atomic beam of strontium atoms using electromagnetically induced transparency eit. High resolution electromagnetically induced transparency spectroscopy of rydberg 87rb atom in a magnetic field. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a phenomenon in which the presence of a nonradiative coherence leads to destructive quantum interference, causing an otherwise absorbing transition to become transparent. University of groningen electromagnetically induced. Emphasis is placed on the experimental work reported in this. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit noise correlation spectroscopy holds promise as a simple, robust method for performing highresolution spectroscopy used in optical magnetometry and. In addition, the dispersion properties are also a ected, giving rise to many useful applications such as e ective nonlinear frequency conversion, slow light and nonlinear mixing. One of the main challenges of nonlinear optical science is the tailoring of material properties to enhance such interactions, while minimizing the role of destructive processes such as photon absorption. By utilizing a dielectricfilmcoated asymmetric tshape single slit, comprising two grooves of slightly detuned widths immediately contacting with a single nanoslit, the plasmoninduced transparency was experimentally demonstrated. In eit the interference occurs between alternative transition pathways, driven by radiation fields within the internal states of the quantum system. We propose a method based on the electromagnetically induced transparency eit phenomenon for the detection of molecules which exist as a small minority in the presence of a majority of absorbers.
To illustrate the high spectroscopic resolution offered by this method, we have measured isotope shifts of the 5s18d1d2 and 5s19s1s0 rydberg states. Sterken and in accordance with the decision by the college of. Eit is a phenomenon that dramatically modi es the optical properties of a medium by creating a transparency window at a normally highly absorbing atomic resonance, and by greatly enhancing the mediums dispersion. Slow light from electromagneticallyinduced transparency eit has many potential applications, including photonic delay lines 1, interferometry we characterize our eit spectrum2,3, quantum memories 4, and atomic spectroscopy 5. Electromagnetically induced transparency lectromagnetically in duced transparency is a technique for eliminating the effect of a medium on a propagating beam of electro magnetic radiation.
Quantum control of light using electromagnetically induced. Meanwhile the group delay within the transparent window can also be dynamically tuned. Electromagnetically inducedtransparencyspectroscopy. Electromagnetically induced transparency in metamaterials.
Controlling photons using electromagnetically induced. May 12, 2010 electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a quantum interference phenomenon that enables the transmission of a laser pulse through an optically dense medium to be manipulated by means of a. The effect of doppler broadening on the results of the triplet absorption spectroscopy is analysed in detail. Laser optics and spectroscopy group, blackett laboratory, imperial. Analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency in a. Electromagnetically induced transparency in metamaterials at nearinfrared frequency jingjing zhang1, sanshui xiao1, claus jeppesen2, anders kristensen2 and niels asger mortensen1 1 dtu fotonik department of photonics engineering, technical university. Eit occurs due to quantum interference between the atomic transition pathways that couple to the optical. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit amplitude. Due to the insulatortometal transition of vo2, the amplitude of eit peak can be actively modulated with significant modulation depth. Quantum control of light using electromagnetically induced transparency s591 transfer of quantum states from photons to atoms and vice versa. Electromagnetically induced transparency spectroscopy. When a strong coupling laser field is used to drive a resonant transition in a threelevel atomic system, the absorption of a weak probe laser field can be reduced or eliminated provided the two resonant transitions are coherently coupled to a. Electromagnetically induced grating eig is an optical interference phenomenon where an interference pattern is used to build a dynamic spatial diffraction grating in matter.
Meanwhile the group delay within the transparent window can also be dynamically. Electromagnetically induced transparency a thesis reed. Pdf electromagnetically induced transparency researchgate. Electromagnetically induced transparency with noisy lasers. The eit effect we employ effectively eliminates the absorption of the majority species in the spectral region where it overlaps with the absorption of the minority species. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a quantum interference phenomenon that arises when coherent optical fields couple to the states of a material quantum system. Applications of electromagnetically induced transparency. Triplet absorption spectroscopy and electromagnetically induced. Eit may also be used, but under more limited condi.
Electromagnetically induced transparency the concept of eit was first given by harris et al in 1990. Pdf electromagnetically induced absorption spectra depending. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit amplitude noise spectroscopy ben whitenack,1 devan tormey,1 michael crescimanno,2 andrew c. We investigate laddertype electromagnetically induced transparency eit in rubidium gas. A highly excited rydberg atom is nearly degenerate for its hyperfine states but this degeneracy will be broken by an applied magnetic field, resulting in a spectral splitting in a coupled basis. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a concept originally observed in atomic physics and arises due to quantum interference, resulting in a narrowband transparency window for light. Osa integrated metamaterial with functionalities of. Electromagneticallyinducedtransparency eit noise correlation spectroscopy holds promise as a simple, robust method for performing highresolution spectroscopy used in optical magnetometry and. Implementation of selective controlling electromagnetically. Plasmoninduced transparency in asymmetric tshape single. This effect is called electromagnetically induced transparency. Electromagnetically induced transparency with rydberg atoms across the breitrabi regime j.
High quality of electromagnetically induced transparency spectroscopy of 87rb in a buffer. Dec 16, 2014 electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a concept originally observed in atomic physics and arises due to quantum interference, resulting in a narrowband transparency window for light. We use rydberg states of rubidium atoms to probe the rf field. Electromagnetically induced transparency by nmr by hyungbin son submitted to the department of physics on may 8, 2003, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of bachelor of science in physics abstract electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a quantum nonlinear optical interfer. Hence, we get the name electromagnetically induced transparency. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit14 is usually observed in threelevel. Terahertz broadband filter and electromagnetically induced. To generate these plots, some manual correction to our data was necessary. Active control of electromagnetically induced transparency. Electromagnetically induced transparency with single atoms. Active control of electromagnetically induced transparency in a terahertz metamaterial array with graphene for continuous resonance frequency tuning. Electromagnetically induced transparency with localized impurity electron spins in a semiconductor phd thesis to obtain the degree of phd at the university of groningen on the authority of the rector magni cus prof. A terahertz electromagnetically induced transparency eit metamaterial, consisting of singlelayer graphene cut wire arrays with closely placed graphene closed ring arrays, was designed and numerically investigated in this paper.
An atomic system consisting of two lower states connected to one upper state by two coherent light fields a. Absorption spectroscopy and electromagnetically induced transparency suying bai1, xiaoxuan han1, yunchun jiao1, liping hao1, jianming zhao1,2, suotang jia1,2 1state key laboratory of quantum optics and quantum optics devices, institute of laser spectroscopy, shanxi university, taiyuan, china. Electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption in. Pdf electromagnetically induced transparency in rubidium.
Emphasis is placed on the experimental work reported in this field since 1990. Marangos3 1 fachbereich physik, technische universit at kaiserslautern,d67663 germany 2 institute of quantum electronics, ethh onggerberg, hpt g12, ch8093 z urich, switzerland 3 quantum optics and laser science group, blackett laboratory, imperial college, london. When vanadium dioxide is in the metallic state, an isotropic narrow absorber is obtained in the terahertz region, which consists of a top metallic cross, a middle dielectric layer, and a. From this we will see how coherently prepared media can. Here eit spectroscopy amounts to the application of a control. Our results present a new regime of ir spectroscopy for applications of vibrational coherence from quantum computing to optical control of chemical reactions. A switchable metamaterial with bifunctionality of absorption and electromagnetically induced transparency is proposed based on the phasetransition characteristic of phase change materialvanadium dioxide. Eigs are dynamically created by light interference on optically resonant materials and rely on population inversion andor optical coherence properties of the material. It is in essence a quantum interference effect that. Femtosecond highorder harmonic transient absorption spectroscopy is used to observe electromagnetically induced transparencylike behavior as well as. The theoretical absorption profile of a weak probe laser beam at 780. The pulse propagation and the adiabatic evolution of the eld coupled states is then developed. In addition, the dispersion properties are also a ected, giving rise to many useful applications such as e ective nonlinear frequency conversion, slow light. High quality of electromagnetically induced transparency.
One of the most exciting is the realization of the plasmonic analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency eit in plasmonic metamaterials or metasurfaces that is, the twodimensional 2d counterparts of the fully threedimensional metamaterials. We investigate laddertype electromagnetically induced transparency eit in. Electromagnetically induced transparency wikipedia. Nanoimaging and control of molecular vibrations through. We use two gratingfeedback diode lasers and observe eit. This thesis investigates electromagnetically induced transparency eit in thermal rubidium vapor. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit osa publishing. Electromagnetically induced transparency experimental. Autlertownes spectroscopy, fano resonances and switching, triplet absorption spectroscopy, electromagnetically induced transparency, slow and fast light some.
Slowlight dynamics from electromagneticallyinduced. Electromagnetically induced transparency and atomic. We have studied the high resolution spectroscopy of rydberg state 87rb in a laddertype electromagnetically induced transparency eit configuration at room temperature. When a strong coupling laser field is used to drive a resonant transition in a three level atomic system, the absorption of a weak probe laser field can be reduced or eliminated.
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